Six circuit board repair method of fault 
Section six circuit board fault repair methods ———- Process chapter
Maintenance of non-power methods:
★ without power solution:
CMOS needle cap is NORMAL (normal) state.
CMOS battery voltage is enough for 2.5 — 3V.
32.768K crystal oscillator is starting.
5VSB line is a problem.
POWER ON line is open.
ATX-SW voltage is enough for 3.5-5V level.
74HCT series of gated bad chip.
I / O chip, bad.
+12 V,-12V, +5 V,-5V line to ground short circuit.
ICH Southbridge or bad.
★ ATX Power Up (can not shut down):
5VSB low resistance or shorted to ground.
POWER ON-to-ground short-circuit or low resistance.
74 series-gated bad chip.
I / O chip, bad.
ICH Southbridge or bad.
★ CMOS can not be preserved:
CMOS needle cap is jumping right.
CMOS battery voltage is low.
32.768 crystal oscillator can not afford.
I / O chip, bad.
Capacitor leakage in CMOS circuits
ICH Southbridge or bad.
The main power supply part of the repair methods:
★ None Voltage:
FET bad, open or short circuit
Short-circuit filter capacitor (electrolytic capacitor)
No output voltage IC
No 12V power supply
Bad Voltage IC
Break
★ Voltage Low
CPU operating voltage related to a slight short circuit
FET bad one, the output voltage has become low
★ Voltage High
Feedback circuit no effect on
Voltage of IC output voltage as low
★ VID 0-4 (+5 V voltage)
No output voltage IC
And the exclusion linked to a bad CPU Block
Break
★ VTT 1.5V
No-voltage: Power FET bad
VTT1.5V a right to short-circuit
Voltage level: FET power supply abnormal
FET bad
Clock circuit fault Maintenance:
★ All None Output Clock IC
Supply is normal 3.3V, 2.5V (P4 K7 is only 3.3V, 586 level power to 3.5V)
And output filter capacitor connected to the bad (10 pF)
And the output resistor connected to damage or false welding
Crystal oscillator is not starting or its associated damage to the resonant capacitor
Northbridge bad (feedback clock)
Southbridge bad (not to the clock IC and PD # send RST # signal)
★ part of the non-output
IC bad
Search is not a normal part of the power supply
Reset Circuit Repair
1, Qing CMOS
2, Chuck PG Signal Level 3.5-5V
3, Chuck 74HCT series gate circuit (reset generator) whether the damage
4, Southbridge (ICH) is damaged
5, North Bridge (GMCH) Damage
Real-time crystal damage 6,32.768 K
7, Chuck north and south bridge power supply
II motherboard repair a variety of common code:
Ex
perience ———- chapter
According to the motherboard test card code maintenance:
Diagnosis of Different motherboards have different number of cards to go
1:00-C0-C1-C3-0b-0d-3d-42-6F-7F-FF
2: FF-C1-1d-2b-3d-42-6F-7F-FF
3: FF-d3-d4-0b-2A-31-3d-4E
Common code overhaul:
1, FF, or 00 of the Maintenance
A, power supply does not (CPU main power supply, the main chip and other chip power supply)
B, the clock signal is not normal
C, do not reset or the CPU without PG Signal
D, BIOS program is damaged or corrupted BIOS chip
E, frequency-doubling wrong, wrong FSB. Clear CMOS jumper
F, I / O chip is damaged
G, CPU socket there is mechanical damage or poor contact
H, PCB has broken
I, Southbridge damaged, Northbridge damaged or cold solder joint
A power supply does not
★ FET or transistor short circuit, puncture, open circuit, performance deterioration, etc.
★ power control chip damage
★ capacitor leakage, deterioration damage
★ resistance, inductance metamorphic
★ Some motherboards or 2.5V to 1.5V there is a 8-pin SMD LM358 to control, this chip damage can lead to irregular power supply
★ Some motherboards do not plug CPU, the use of false load when the power supply is not normal
★ Some 370 motherboards, if the CPU FSB wrong, not only the CPU power supply can cause abnormal, but also the entire board without the clock and reset signals
B, the clock is not normal
★ clock generator chip is damaged
★ clock chip power supply problem
★ If AGP no clock other clocks are normal, you may have problems Northbridge
★ Some motherboards have two clock chip, which is next to non-crystal oscillator for the clock to the memory, such as only a memory, no clock signal, the chip may be bad. Some of the memory clock signal under motherboard control of Northbridge, Northbridge, if there is a problem can lead to memory, no clock
C, does not reset or CPU without PG Signal
★ Power must be PG Signal
★ related to the logic gate circuit chip is damaged
★ power control chip damage
★ I / O chip is damaged
★ boot reset chip (ASUS) (MSI)
★ South Bridge Chip
★ If the ISA has RST #, the IDE-free, may be between the two inverters damaged
★ If the CPU without RST #, may be North Bridge damaged, some motherboards do not plug CPU and no RST
★ PCB broken-related defects in the circuit components
D, BIOS chip is damaged or corrupted program
★ update motherboard BIOS
★ Brush attention BIOS for BIOS chip substitution principle
2, C0 code maintenance
A, CPU Block, a result of poor contact
B, BIOS procedures do not
C, I / O chip is damaged
D, South Bridge chip is damaged
E, CPU control bus error, to fight resistance, with or without short-circuit or open circuit
F, North Bridge chip bad
3, C1 or D3 code overhaul
A, BIOS procedures do not, BIOS is a good seat contact
B, the memory slot availability of mechanical damage or oxidation of
C, the memory power supply is normal
D, I / O chip is damaged
E, north and south bridge virtual welding, hand pressure, while RESET, sometimes it can be judged.
F, North Bridge chip bad
G, South Bridge chip, bad
H, CPU next to the exclusion for damage
I, PCB has broken
4, C1 to C3 or C5 loop jump
A, BIOS procedures do not
B, COM port chip is damaged
C, I / O chip is damaged
D, north and south bridge chip is damaged
E, 32.768 crystal oscillator is normal since
5, B0 code
A, measurement data memory load voltage
B, clear CMOS
C, measured Northbridge power supply is normal
D, Northbridge bad
E, North Bridge Xu Han
6, 25 code
A, Test AGP core power supply
B, Northbridge power supply
C, brush BIOS
D, Northbridge bad
7, and take off after OD
A, testing the resistance between the PCI slots, and Exclusion
B, FSB, multiplier jumper
8, 0B, 31 code
A, BIOS procedures do not
B, I / O chip is damaged
C, north and south bridge damage
D, the motherboard is compatible with graphics cards
E, Zha Northbridge power supply
F, PCB break, on-board conductive material is stained with
G, card slot damage
9, 2D code
A, testing of the AD line AGP
B, initialized INTR signal
C, North Bridge North Bridge power supply is not normal or damaged
10, showing 2B code does not shine
A, update BIOS
B, bad clock generator
C, clear the CMOS
D, Northbridge power supply is not normal or damaged
11, display 50 of the code
A, I / O is damaged or I / O bad
B, Southbridge Southbridge bad power supply is not normal or
C, BIOS program bad
D, Northbridge bad
12, display 41, the code
A, BIOS update BIOS program damage
B, PCB break
C, CPU damage
D, the memory of poor quality
13, BF, 02 code
A, clear the CMOS settings
B, Motherboard CMOS circuit problem
14, the motherboard can not save CMOS settings
A, cells without electricity or low.
B, bios chip, partial damage.
C, CMOS jumper roots external capacitor leakage.
D, CMOS jumper power path diode or resistor failure.
E, South Bridge chip partial damage
★ ★ NOTE: those who display an error detection code, no matter what the meaning of the code said. Should first refresh the BIOS.
If the motherboard on the keyboard, mouse, IDE, serial and parallel, USB interface, so that if one can not be used to ensure the power supply under normal circumstances, should update BIOS a try.
There is displayed, the screen prompts the failure:
CPU frequency of an error message: check jumper settings, the clock frequency of
Memory an error message: memory slots bad connection, cold solder joint Northbridge, Northbridge bad, check the memory slot of the data address lines, control lines (resistance or waveform)
Control of the wrong or do not read the hard disk drive: 1, check the hard disk interface, the signal on the RESET pin, or IDE-to-ground value at all. 2, check with the IDE connected to 244 245, or exclusion. 3, South Bridge Damage
Floppy does not read or error: 1, check floppy excuse-to-ground resistance. 2, the replacement I / O chip, 3, Southbridge bad
Keyboard no effect or error: With RESET, CLK, DATA, 5V and related lines, such as the keyboard interface, power supply inductance, insurance, capacitors, replace the I / O, brush BIOS
COM port no role: 75252 or 75185 (COM port chip) is +-12V power supply, replacement of 75252/75185 chip, replace the I / O chip
Parallel no effect: check the data cable connected to a small capacitance, the replacement I / O chips, South Bridge, the bad
PS / 2 mouse can not be used: check power supply, CLK, DATA, connected to a small capacitance, for I / O
Maintenance of non-power methods:
★ without power solution:
CMOS needle cap is NORMAL (normal) state.
CMOS battery voltage is enough for 2.5 — 3V.
32.768K crystal oscillator is starting.
5VSB line is a problem.
POWER ON line is open.
ATX-SW voltage is enough for 3.5-5V level.
74HCT series of gated bad chip.
I / O chip, bad.
+12 V,-12V, +5 V,-5V line to ground short circuit.
ICH Southbridge or bad.
★ ATX Power Up (can not shut down):
5VSB low resistance or shorted to ground.
POWER ON-to-ground short-circuit or low resistance.
74 series-gated bad chip.
I / O chip, bad.
ICH Southbridge or bad.
★ CMOS can not be preserved:
CMOS needle cap is jumping right.
CMOS battery voltage is low.
32.768 crystal oscillator can not afford.
I / O chip, bad.
Capacitor leakage in CMOS circuits
ICH Southbridge or bad.
The main power supply part of the repair methods:
★ None Voltage:
FET bad, open or short circuit
Short-circuit filter capacitor (electrolytic capacitor)
No output voltage IC
No 12V power supply
Bad Voltage IC
Break
★ Voltage Low
CPU operating voltage related to a slight short circuit
FET bad one, the output voltage has become low
★ Voltage High
Feedback circuit no effect on
Voltage of IC output voltage as low
★ VID 0-4 (+5 V voltage)
No output voltage IC
And the exclusion linked to a bad CPU Block
Break
★ VTT 1.5V
No-voltage: Power FET bad
VTT1.5V a right to short-circuit
Voltage level: FET power supply abnormal
FET bad
Clock circuit fault Maintenance:
★ All None Output Clock IC
Supply is normal 3.3V, 2.5V (P4 K7 is only 3.3V, 586 level power to 3.5V)
And output filter capacitor connected to the bad (10 pF)
And the output resistor connected to damage or false welding
Crystal oscillator is not starting or its associated damage to the resonant capacitor
Northbridge bad (feedback clock)
Southbridge bad (not to the clock IC and PD # send RST # signal)
★ part of the non-output
IC bad
Search is not a normal part of the power supply
Reset Circuit Repair
1, Qing CMOS
2, Chuck PG Signal Level 3.5-5V
3, Chuck 74HCT series gate circuit (reset generator) whether the damage
4, Southbridge (ICH) is damaged
5, North Bridge (GMCH) Damage
Real-time crystal damage 6,32.768 K
7, Chuck north and south bridge power supply
II motherboard repair a variety of common code:
Ex
perience ———- chapter
According to the motherboard test card code maintenance:
Diagnosis of Different motherboards have different number of cards to go
1:00-C0-C1-C3-0b-0d-3d-42-6F-7F-FF
2: FF-C1-1d-2b-3d-42-6F-7F-FF
3: FF-d3-d4-0b-2A-31-3d-4E
Common code overhaul:
1, FF, or 00 of the Maintenance
A, power supply does not (CPU main power supply, the main chip and other chip power supply)
B, the clock signal is not normal
C, do not reset or the CPU without PG Signal
D, BIOS program is damaged or corrupted BIOS chip
E, frequency-doubling wrong, wrong FSB. Clear CMOS jumper
F, I / O chip is damaged
G, CPU socket there is mechanical damage or poor contact
H, PCB has broken
I, Southbridge damaged, Northbridge damaged or cold solder joint
A power supply does not
★ FET or transistor short circuit, puncture, open circuit, performance deterioration, etc.
★ power control chip damage
★ capacitor leakage, deterioration damage
★ resistance, inductance metamorphic
★ Some motherboards or 2.5V to 1.5V there is a 8-pin SMD LM358 to control, this chip damage can lead to irregular power supply
★ Some motherboards do not plug CPU, the use of false load when the power supply is not normal
★ Some 370 motherboards, if the CPU FSB wrong, not only the CPU power supply can cause abnormal, but also the entire board without the clock and reset signals
B, the clock is not normal
★ clock generator chip is damaged
★ clock chip power supply problem
★ If AGP no clock other clocks are normal, you may have problems Northbridge
★ Some motherboards have two clock chip, which is next to non-crystal oscillator for the clock to the memory, such as only a memory, no clock signal, the chip may be bad. Some of the memory clock signal under motherboard control of Northbridge, Northbridge, if there is a problem can lead to memory, no clock
C, does not reset or CPU without PG Signal
★ Power must be PG Signal
★ related to the logic gate circuit chip is damaged
★ power control chip damage
★ I / O chip is damaged
★ boot reset chip (ASUS) (MSI)
★ South Bridge Chip
★ If the ISA has RST #, the IDE-free, may be between the two inverters damaged
★ If the CPU without RST #, may be North Bridge damaged, some motherboards do not plug CPU and no RST
★ PCB broken-related defects in the circuit components
D, BIOS chip is damaged or corrupted program
★ update motherboard BIOS
★ Brush attention BIOS for BIOS chip substitution principle
2, C0 code maintenance
A, CPU Block, a result of poor contact
B, BIOS procedures do not
C, I / O chip is damaged
D, South Bridge chip is damaged
E, CPU control bus error, to fight resistance, with or without short-circuit or open circuit
F, North Bridge chip bad
3, C1 or D3 code overhaul
A, BIOS procedures do not, BIOS is a good seat contact
B, the memory slot availability of mechanical damage or oxidation of
C, the memory power supply is normal
D, I / O chip is damaged
E, north and south bridge virtual welding, hand pressure, while RESET, sometimes it can be judged.
F, North Bridge chip bad
G, South Bridge chip, bad
H, CPU next to the exclusion for damage
I, PCB has broken
4, C1 to C3 or C5 loop jump
A, BIOS procedures do not
B, COM port chip is damaged
C, I / O chip is damaged
D, north and south bridge chip is damaged
E, 32.768 crystal oscillator is normal since
5, B0 code
A, measurement data memory load voltage
B, clear CMOS
C, measured Northbridge power supply is normal
D, Northbridge bad
E, North Bridge Xu Han
6, 25 code
A, Test AGP core power supply
B, Northbridge power supply
C, brush BIOS
D, Northbridge bad
7, and take off after OD
A, testing the resistance between the PCI slots, and Exclusion
B, FSB, multiplier jumper
8, 0B, 31 code
A, BIOS procedures do not
B, I / O chip is damaged
C, north and south bridge damage
D, the motherboard is compatible with graphics cards
E, Zha Northbridge power supply
F, PCB break, on-board conductive material is stained with
G, card slot damage
9, 2D code
A, testing of the AD line AGP
B, initialized INTR signal
C, North Bridge North Bridge power supply is not normal or damaged
10, showing 2B code does not shine
A, update BIOS
B, bad clock generator
C, clear the CMOS
D, Northbridge power supply is not normal or damaged
11, display 50 of the code
A, I / O is damaged or I / O bad
B, Southbridge Southbridge bad power supply is not normal or
C, BIOS program bad
D, Northbridge bad
12, display 41, the code
A, BIOS update BIOS program damage
B, PCB break
C, CPU damage
D, the memory of poor quality
13, BF, 02 code
A, clear the CMOS settings
B, Motherboard CMOS circuit problem
14, the motherboard can not save CMOS settings
A, cells without electricity or low.
B, bios chip, partial damage.
C, CMOS jumper roots external capacitor leakage.
D, CMOS jumper power path diode or resistor failure.
E, South Bridge chip partial damage
★ ★ NOTE: those who display an error detection code, no matter what the meaning of the code said. Should first refresh the BIOS.
If the motherboard on the keyboard, mouse, IDE, serial and parallel, USB interface, so that if one can not be used to ensure the power supply under normal circumstances, should update BIOS a try.
There is displayed, the screen prompts the failure:
CPU frequency of an error message: check jumper settings, the clock frequency of
Memory an error message: memory slots bad connection, cold solder joint Northbridge, Northbridge bad, check the memory slot of the data address lines, control lines (resistance or waveform)
Control of the wrong or do not read the hard disk drive: 1, check the hard disk interface, the signal on the RESET pin, or IDE-to-ground value at all. 2, check with the IDE connected to 244 245, or exclusion. 3, South Bridge Damage
Floppy does not read or error: 1, check floppy excuse-to-ground resistance. 2, the replacement I / O chip, 3, Southbridge bad
Keyboard no effect or error: With RESET, CLK, DATA, 5V and related lines, such as the keyboard interface, power supply inductance, insurance, capacitors, replace the I / O, brush BIOS
COM port no role: 75252 or 75185 (COM port chip) is +-12V power supply, replacement of 75252/75185 chip, replace the I / O chip
Parallel no effect: check the data cable connected to a small capacitance, the replacement I / O chips, South Bridge, the bad
PS / 2 mouse can not be used: check power supply, CLK, DATA, connected to a small capacitance, for I / O
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